While the term disparities is often used or interpreted to reflect differences between racial or ethnic groups, disparities can exist across many other dimensions as well, such as gender, sexual orientation, age, disability status, socioeconomic status, and geographic location.
#HE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS FULL#
In Chapter 5 the report takes a more in-depth look into nine examples of community-driven solutions to promote health equity.įor the purposes of this report, health disparities are differences that exist among specific population groups in the United States in the attainment of full health potential that can be measured by differences in incidence, prevalence, mortality, burden of disease, and other adverse health conditions ( NIH, 2014). These brief examples are meant to be illustrative of the work being undertaken by communities throughout the country. In Chapters 2 and 3, the report features examples of communities that are taking action to address the root causes of health inequity. The committee drew on existing literature, comprehensive reviews ( AHRQ, 2016 NCHS, 2016), and recent studies. In addition, this chapter summarizes data related to military veterans as well as rural versus urban-area differences. In this chapter the committee reviews the state of health disparities in the United States by race and ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation and gender identity, and disability status, highlighting populations that are disproportionately impacted by inequity. As part of its statement of task, the committee was asked to review the state of health disparities in the United States and to explore the underlying conditions and root causes contributing to health inequities and the interdependent nature of the factors that create them (drawing from existing literature and syntheses on health disparities and health inequities).
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